Emerging imaging modalities continuously increase the diagnostic sensitivityand accuracy of neuroimaging, and have transformed diagnostic radiology into apowerful research and clinical tool. Various novel neuroimaging modalities havebecome of paramount importance, not only in establishing diagnosis but also inguiding surgical intervention, and in evaluating the treatment effect. Advanced MRbased techniques such as Fractional Anisotropy, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, ProtonSpectroscopy, and task-generated as well as resting-state functional MRI have tremendously increased the power of the modern neuroscientist's armamentarium. The employment of advanced neuroimaging techniques have been expanded in thescientific fields of neuropsychology, consumer's psychology, and forensic medicine. Our current textbook presents exactly a collection of such innovative work, andexplores new frontiers, and future applications of neuroimaging.